Answer :
Final answer:
The ASTM standard required for Cold Crushing Strength Testing of refractories is ASTM C133-97(2015), which determines the material's ability to withstand compressive stress.
Explanation:
The ASTM standard required for all Cold Crushing Strength Testing of refractory materials is ASTM C133-97(2015). This standard test method covers the determination of cold crushing strength and modulus of rupture (MOR) of refractories at room temperature. These tests simulate the conditions under which the refractory materials are subjected to stresses, ensuring that they have the necessary mechanical stability.
Fracture strength or breaking strength is related to these tests in that it refers to the stress at which a specimen fails via fracture, and is usually determined by a tensile test. However, for cold crushing strength, the focus is on determining the stress that can be applied to a material before it breaks under a compressive load.